HTML Uniform Resource Locators Encoding
A URL is another word for a web address.
A URL can be composed of words (e.g. Examples.com), or an Internet Protocol (IP) address (e.g. 192.68.20.50).
The vast majority enter the name when surfing, since names are simpler to recall than numbers.
URL – Uniform Resource Locator
Internet browsers demand pages from web workers by utilizing a URL.
A Uniform Resource Locator (URL) is utilized to address a record (or different information) on the web.
Explanation:
- scheme – defines the type of Internet service (most common is http or https)
- prefix – defines a domain prefix (default for http is www)
- domain – defines the Internet domain name (like examples.com)
- port – defines the port number at the host (default for http is 80)
- path – defines a path at the server (If omitted: the root directory of the site)
- filename – defines the name of a document or resource
Common URL Schemes
The table below lists some common schemes:
Scheme | Short for | Used for |
---|---|---|
http | HyperText Transfer Protocol | Common web pages. Not encrypted |
https | Secure HyperText Transfer Protocol | Secure web pages. Encrypted |
ftp | File Transfer Protocol | Downloading or uploading files |
file | A file on your computer |
URL Encoding
URLs can only be sent over the Internet using the ASCII character-set. If a URL contains characters outside the ASCII set, the URL has to be converted.
URL encoding converts non-ASCII characters into a format that can be transmitted over the Internet.
URL encoding replaces non-ASCII characters with a “%” trailed by hexadecimal digits.
URLs cannot contain spaces. URL encoding normally replaces a space with a plus (+) sign, or %20.
ASCII URL Encoding Examples
Your browser will encode input, according to the character-set used in your page.
The default character-set in HTML5 is UTF-8.
Character | From Windows-1252 | From UTF-8 |
---|---|---|
€ | %80 | %E2%82%AC |
£ | %A3 | %C2%A3 |
© | %A9 | %C2%A9 |
® | %AE | %C2%AE |
À | %C0 | %C3%80 |
Á | %C1 | %C3%81 |
 | %C2 | %C3%82 |
à | %C3 | %C3%83 |
Ä | %C4 | %C3%84 |
Å | %C5 | %C3%85 |